The s A Day Doesn t Go By That They Aren t Live Music...

For millennial’s a day doesn t go by that they aren t streaming music. There are millions of songs and hundreds of ways to listen to them, a person is constantly absorbing information, whether it is consciously or subconsciously. If someone was to constantly allow his subconscious to be filled with violence it would affect his day to day life, and if everyone allows their world to be filled with hateful, violent, misogynistic influences it will affect the overall societal values of our society. The future is held in the hands of a generation that is constantly being fed words of hate, what does that say about how life will be years from now, when these people have actual power to do something for our nation and is it the artist s job to protect them and be leaders? Most would criticise and blame musicians but it s their art, their emotions but listeners shouldn’t be allowed to censor it. No matter the lyrics if the songwriter has a great enough fan base, the music will sell. This is the case for so many mainstream artist today. The words are nothing but hateful but the albums fly off the shelfs in hopes that the new album will be as good as the last. Old artists such as Eminem, Nicki Minaj, and Beyonce have built a fanbase that would support them through any career decisions they make. In the article â€Å"It s 2014, so why are Eminem s violent lyrics still OK?† Patrick Ryan explains that Eminem could release an album of himself yodeling and it would still sell as well asShow MoreRelatedThe Likeliness of Being Different1504 Words   |  7 PagesThe Likeliness of Being Different Based on every class, every story, and every essay I ve sat through learning or writing about Human Development, I don t think I can fit the term into the simple definition that it is the unfolding of the human potential in each person s unique environment. It just feels like so much more. Among the many things that have been engraved in my mind about the subject, the idea that everything is due to our genes and environment fascinates me the most. DevelopmentRead MoreMy Feelings About Jeezy : An Artist Who Is Eight Studio Albums Deep938 Words   |  4 Pagesfascinating is that I just can t put my finger on my feelings about him. Here s the crux of the problem - Jeezy s got the it factor that so many rappers, entertainers, athletes and actors crave but never seem to achieve. There s absolutely no denying when you listen to him whether on a record or for an interview that Jeezy (real name Jay Wayne Jenkins) has the charisma and personality of a hip-hop superstar. He s got the swagger, the charisma, and he acts like he s carrying Atlanta on his backRead MoreWhat I ve Learned From College1372 Words   |  6 Pagesve learned from college: Go out as much as possible Okay, I know what your thinking, and I m not saying that you should drink until the AM at some frat house. 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The Vietnam War - 2108 Words

The Vietnam War, is widely regarded as a conflict that divided public opinion in the United States and influenced civilian perceptions on international relations. The conflict lasted for over twenty years and began after a policy of communism was introduced in the North after the withdrawal of French imperialists. The American government was highly concerned with the spread of communism in Asia (known as the Domino Theory) and wanted to end the possible political threat. Over time, the war has became a part of American social memory and is especially known for its distribution of iconic imagery of civilian atrocities. Through these images, varying tales have been told and have brought into question American values, as well as possible hidden motivations of both the government and the press. Over the course of several decades, a popular myth has formed that photojournalism was a critical hallmark to the effectiveness of the anti-war movement, however the public perception of the ima gery was commonly not out of sympathy for the Vietnamese people who were victims, but dissatisfaction with the influx of internal confusion and misinformation. This essay will argue the Vietnam War s use of photojournalism, ultimately contributed to the questioning of American values, as well as the hidden motives of government and media outlets that remains a concern in modern America. Firstly, Vietnam War photojournalism exposed cases of civilian atrocities which in turn brought AmericanShow MoreRelatedThe War Of Vietnam And The Vietnam War1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe war in Vietnam is The United States and other capitalist bloc countries supported South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) against the support by the Soviet Union and other socialist bloc countries of North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and the Vietcong of war. Which occurred during the Cold War of Vietnam (main battlefield), Laos, and Cambodia. This is the biggest and longtime war in American history during the 1960s (Best 2008). It is also the most significant war after World War IIRead MoreThe Vietnam War On Vietnam1725 Words   |  7 PagesThe War on Vietnam Many believe that the way Americans entered the war against the North Vietnam communists was unjust. 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On August 7, 1964, the USA entered the war for the purpose of fighting the North Vietnamese due toRead MoreThe Vietnam War Of Vietnam2003 Words   |  9 PagesThe Vietnam War in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia lasted from November 1st, 1955 to around April 30th, 1975. The war was split up between two sides, North Vietnam, who were allied with the Soviet Union, China, and most of the communist countries during this time period, and South Vietnam, who were allied with the United States and many countries that were against the belief of Communism. Although the United States did not necessarily have to get involved in the war, they believed that they had too soRead MoreVietnam And The Vietnam War1987 Words   |  8 PagesIn 1945, at the end of WWII, Vietnam started their war for ind ependence against their colonial rulers, France. Nine years after the start of the First Indochina War, the French were defeated at Dien Bien Phu which led to a peace conference in Geneva. At the conference, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam received their independence from France. However, Vietnam was divided between a Communist North and a Democratic South. In 1958, Communist- supported guerrillas in South Vietnam, known as the Viet Cong, began

Strategic Plan and Analysis

Question: Write it in a simple language and explain the issue which you have explained in my last assignment. Write all the questions according to that issue only.in example which i uploaded they have explained i think 2 issues but you should explain the issue or issues which you have been explained in my previous assignment.also i uploaded my previous assignment in which you have mentioned the strategic issue. and the main thing it is all about BHP billiton. Answer: Introduction Strategic plan and analysis are the steps and measures set by a company to achieve a certain mission and vision in a given period of time. For BHP Billiton various strategic issues have been issued. However, with these strategic goals comes even a higher huddle in their achievement. Moreover, as the largest mineral exploration company in Australia and the world as a whole, BHP Billiton has faced different challenges in the last five years hindering the successful planning of the strategic issues and analysis of the same(Botin, 2009). The challenges include: extreme weather and geographical conditions, a great need for training of human capital and increasingly complex water, energy, environmental and social challenges. These challenges are enormous for national cooperation opportunities and interests (Hubbard Moore, 2012). The results of the Australian mining investment in research and development are reflected today in a worldwide leadership in telecommunications equipment, technol ogies and services that work efficiently and sustainably. Integrating all governmental groups, commercial interests, academics, scientists and communities is a major challenge for BHP. Australia is creating innovative solutions that enable sustainable economic development and a more productive mining for the benefit of the whole community. The Australian mining industry especially BHP Billiton uses innovative technologies for recovery, recycling and water reuse strategy. (Brown, 2000) Environmental challenges facing BHP Billiton This document seeks to assess and ensure the environmental stability of the mining facilities, in order to protect the health of people and the environment itself. One of the biggest environmental challenges now facing the mining industry after the enactment of Law regulating mine closure and mining facilities, is to ensure that deposits of massive mining waste (waste dumps, tailings dams and reservoirs derivatives leaching) and facilities such as pits and underground mines, are chemically stable in operation and after closing. In other words, it suggests that the effluents generated by the contact of the materials that make up these facilities with natural mineral ores, do not create a significant risk to the health of people and the environment. (Carpenter, 2008) In this sense, Australia, in conjunction with, the support of the Ministry of Mining, and through financing through its program of Public Goods for Competitiveness, developed a project within its deliverables(Campbell, 200 9). Environmental guide and strategies including criteria and methodological tools to evaluate and ensure the chemical stability of mining facilities in the closure and post-closure, with a focus on comprehensive environmental management throughout the lifecycle of these facilities. "This guide aims to be a support for both mining companies and regulatory agencies for compliance with the requirements related to the chemical stability of the Act Mine Closure, proposing the comprehensive management of mining drainage from the early stages of operation and above all with a focus on prevention on environmental degradation. In this regard, the Guide Chemical Stability poses a major change in the current management of the massive mining waste and mining operations, setting the value of having a comprehensive strategy, continuous in time, in order to implement during operation necessary to achieve chemical stability of the facility in closing measures(Colantonio, Di Pietro, Ocello, 2012). It is programmed that the is launched during the last quarter of this year, accompanied by a Register of measures and technologies for the Prevention, Control and Treatment of Drainage Miner, and Best Practices in the Management of environmental Stability in the Mining Industry. Strategic options The current strategic position of BHP Billiton is favorable due to the level of resources at its disposal. Among the various factors that make it favorable in terms of strategy is the fact that it has the requisite level of technology and human capital to carry out its long, medium and short term strategy for business growth in mission and companies vision(David, 2005). However, there are various analysis used to measure the strategic issue and options to be implemented by BHP Billiton. These include the critically acclaimed SWOT Analysis of an organization to measure the strategy options. Other analysis for measuring strategic options may include Pert Analysis. Also, the large mining projects should you submit Environmental Management Plans, Plans Social Sharing Plans Management and Industry, as well as having approved Assessments Environmental and Social Impacts. There are various strategic options in BHP Billiton Company. However, our focus in this research is confined to two strategic options discussed earlier; Strategy Option 1: value addition/ value chain addition of mineral ore BHP Billiton announced that it will spin off businesses nickel, aluminum and other minerals in a new company, which would be one of the largest asset sales in the history of the mining industry. (Environmental agreements, 1998) We add our minds to achieve integration of sustainable mining in the interest of the communities and the general population. Not only to launch the portfolio of mining projects that are on hold, but to boost exploration and secure the future the country in the next 30 to 40 years. The move would mark a dramatic strategic shift for BHP, a broadly diversified to focus on four commodities coal, copper, iron ore and Oil Company last year generated almost all of its gains. Anglo-Australian giant acquired many of the assets it plans to spin when BHP Billiton PLC and British merged in 2001. It is indisputable that it is essentially the value chain for an organization as this helps the great performance of the company with customers and provides a competitive advantage for the organization.But not only the value chain is critical to the great performance of an organization, there are other methods that provide a great management to the organization. If the value chain is well developed and implemented in the company this will help get consumer benefit and competitive advantage for the company, the value chain is important to compete internationally and that currently the business situation has changed a lot. (Kuehr, 2012) The division, meanwhile, would create a metals company with a market value of up to US $ 12,000 million that could be an attractive acquisition target. BHP said the spin-off of the new company, which listed on the stock Australia, will allow you to focus on its four main commodities. The reorganization also gives you more flexibility to pay higher dividends. A record production of iron ore offset a fall in profits of copper, oil and coal is due to lack of value addition. The company plans to increase production in the current fiscal year, mainly in Australia, despite concerns of some investors that demand is not growing at a pace of global supply(Bell McGillivray, 2008). The company plans to increase production in the current fiscal year, mainly in Australia, despite concerns of some investors that demand is not growing at a pace of global supply. Evaluation for option 1 using RACES Resources Option1: Due to the amount of resources invested by BHP Billiton Company, the strategy options will be easily implemented by the company. The resources in hand must be compatible for success of the strategies(Kuehr, 2012). Acceptability Option 1 and 2: Both the value addition and the marketing strategy may be acceptable strategy options as their main aim is to improve the outlook of the final product. However, acceptability is a determinant of the market condition. Coherent Option 1: Depending on the strategy department of the company, value chain strategies may be coherent, and the strategies may fail in their implementation effectively. Effective Option 1 and 2:The extraction method is open pit exploit minerals in the earth's surface as gold is often found attached to rocks on the surface; while underground mining involves the exploitation of minerals below the land such as silver, copper, tin, gas, etc. The two strategies will be effective in this case. Sustainable Option 1: The two strategies options are undeniably sustainable. The amount of revenue collected or generated by the Australian mining industry and especially revenues generated by BHP Billiton runs into billions of dollars. Strategic choice for option 1 For value addition as a strategic choice, the following issues mentioned above must be put into consideration. The choice must be resourcefully efficient, acceptable, sustainable and coherent. Value addition is a good strategic choice as it blends all these factors to bring out an effective strategy(Bell McGillivray, 2008). The strategy also aims at branding the final product while determining its strengths, weaknesses, the threats and opportunities of the product to the market. Additionally, the strategy option selects the type of market segmentation. BHP Billiton is a commodity business leader in the mining industry around the world. There are a number of issues that the company faces in its day to day strategic plan and management. The issues faced by BHP Billiton are mainly social, political and environmental issues. However, various strategic plan and choices have to be put in place to curb these challenges. Strategy option 2: marketing-mix strategy to promote BHP mineral sales Strategy A strategy is a plan of action that is carried out to achieve a particular purpose long term. Marketing is the art of "coercing wills", it is the most used tool for you or I spend the money on a product and not another, so that we feel identified with a particular brand and to always find that identifying mark do the activity we do and although our age continues to advance. Marketing mix strategy is aimed at determining marketing goals, analysis and the diagnosis of favorable and unfavorable present situations in the environment of BHP Billiton. (Clacy, 2010) The strategy also aims at branding the final product while determining its strengths, weaknesses, the threats and opportunities of the product to the market. Additionally, the strategy option selects the type of market segmentation. Evaluation of the strategy option 2 using RACES Resources Option 2: The amounts of resources that are pumped into marketing are massive. Marketing mix strategy is productive when time and money is used to develop the strategy. (Kuehr, 2012) Acceptability Option 2: Both the value addition and the marketing strategy may be acceptable strategy options as their main aim is to improve the outlook of the final product. However, acceptability is a determinant of the market condition. (Farber Findley, n.d.) Coherent Option 2: Depending on the strategy department of the company, value chain strategies may be coherent, and the strategies may fail in their implementation effectively. Marketing mix strategy must be coherent with the nature of product. BHP Billiton always gets its marketing mix strategies right. Effective Option 2:The extraction method is open pit exploit minerals in the earth's surface as gold is often found attached to rocks on the surface; while underground mining involves the exploitation of minerals below the land such as silver, copper, tin, gas, etc. The two strategies will be effective in this case. Marketing mix strategy is aimed at determining marketing goals, analysis and the diagnosis of favorable and unfavorable present situations in the environment of BHP Billiton. (Clacy, 2010) Sustainable Option 2: The two strategies options are undeniably sustainable. The amount of revenue collected or generated by the Australian mining industry and especially revenues generated by BHP Billiton runs into billions of dollars. Value addition strategic choice should be the most sustainable for product marketing. Effectively, the two strategy options are sustainable in short, medium and long terms. Strategic choice With different strategic choices at hand at BHP Billiton, the best choice is likely to lead to the best results. It should lower the cost and therefore increase the bottom-line of the company. The best strategic choice in this case is to add value to the product rather than marketing mix. Value addition will improve the value of the final products produced by BHP Billiton. Marketing mix strategic choice should be rejected since it is time consuming and uses more resources than value addition. The strategic choice for value addition is to improve on revenue collection, while also improving the end product. Fierce rivalry and competition for the existing market initially led to the merger of BHP and Billiton as a strategy aimed at dominating the mining industry a multibillion dollar industry in Australia(Vig Faure, 2004). It also aimed at creating the opportunity costs in mineral production while reducing various costs associated with working as different mining entities. However, the main reason and the most fundamental aim of these strategies is to effectively deal with competition in the mining industry. Value addition strategy and marketing mix strategies used by BHP Billiton are used to move the mining giant ahead of its competitors. However, very good and clearly defined strategy issues of management might be ineffective due to poor or ineffective implementation. Conclusion In order to analyze the challenges facing the mining industry in the field of sustainability, in light of the new socio-environmental scenarios presented in Australia and internationally, Australia held the meeting dialogue on Socio Environmental Challenges faces the mining sector in the country. (Environmental agreements, 1998) The initiative is part of the Footprint Mining Project. This effort is in addition to other similar initiatives carried out, as the study of gaps in human capital to this sector and work to promote world-class suppliers for mining. The world has changed and the social and environmental challenges of mining are no longer just a global challenge, but. This involves changes in the paradigm of how people perceive and act. It is a tremendous challenge and believes that such initiatives can achieve build ways to address it, in the Australian economy is very important. When one looks at a broader perspective, one sees that high prices do continue, but has lost compe titiveness by several factors(Friedman, 2008). The solution is the generation of new knowledge and innovation. For its part, highlighted BHP Billiton project, which aims to make an analysis of the sustainability of mining and environmental and, in turn, improve the dialogue between the various stakeholders. References BHP Billiton collection of Australian art. (2003). South Yarra, Vic. Hubbard, T. Moore, M. (2012). BHP Billiton. Evanston, IL: Kellogg School of Management. Tullo, A. (2010). Potashcorpsnubs BHP Billiton.Chemical Engineering News,88(34), 8. Bell, S. McGillivray, D. (2008). Environmental law. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Botin, J. (2009). Sustainable management of mining operations. Littleton, Colo.: Published by Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration. Brown, M. (2000). America's strategic choices. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Campbell, B. (2009). Mining in Africa. London [England]: Pluto Press. Carpenter, D. (2008). Environmental challenges in the Pacific Basin. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell. Colantonio, A., Di Pietro, R., Ocello, A. (2012). Role mining in business. Singapore: World Scientific. David, F. (2005). Strategic management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Environmental agreements. (1998). [London]. Farber, D. Findley, R. Environmental law in a nutshell. Friedman, T. (2008). Hot, flat, and crowded. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Hardrock mining. (2008). Washington. Kuehr, R. (2012). Japan's Transnational Environmental Policies. Frankfurt: Lang, Peter, GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften. Lenschow, A. (2002). Environmental policy integration. London: Earthscan Publications. Portney, P. Dower, R. (1990). Public policies for environmental protection. Washington, D.C.: Resources for the Future. Primozic, K., Primozic, E., Leben, J. (1991). Strategic choices. New York: McGraw-Hill. Vig, N. Faure, M. (2004). Green giants?. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Women’s Role within the Protestant Religion Essay Example

Women’s Role within the Protestant Religion Essay Religion and faith have always presented mixed fortunes for women. On one hand, it is seen as a source of solace for them, but on the other hand, and especially with the rise of feminism, religion has been cited as a great source of women oppression (Leger-Anderson). The mainstream Catholic Church has been known to perpetuate the latter by maintaining monasticism therefore using the family unit as a challenge to women participation in religious activities (Sharma 25).   The Protestants on the other hand, did not take marriage as a sacrament and therefore attached less meaning to motherhood and the domestic roles reserved for women.   Ã‚  Most of the protestant religions however failed to equally give religious roles to the women citing the allegation that women had no role to play in the church’s leadership. They justified this by laying claim bible passages that states that women are the weaker vessel. The Catholic Church relied on church traditions and popular practice to determine if women had any roles to play in church or not, the Protestants on the other hand relied on reason, learning and scriptures to affirm the authority of women in church leadership (Westerkamp 1).   To date, the church prohibits women from being appointed as priest (Ekelund et al 317). Another   reason cited for the semi-active roles   that women have undertaken in the protestant religions, is that protestant churches have a firm believe in the role of the Holy Spirit   in not only the lives   of believers, but also in the determining what the church leadership should be. As such, the church is unable to control its members due to the strong believe in the immanence of the Holy Spirit (Westerkamp 1). In the United States, churches where women take up active leadership roles include the Assemblies of God, The Presbyterian Church of USA, American Baptist Church, Evangelical Lutheran Church and Epi scopal Church (Ekelund et al 317). We will write a custom essay sample on Women’s Role within the Protestant Religion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Women’s Role within the Protestant Religion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Women’s Role within the Protestant Religion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer According to most customs and laws, women have less authority socially, politically and economically. Under protestant religion however, women have overtime envisioned a more powerful force- the Holy Spirit-, who has given them charismatic authority that allows them to delve into diverse and expanded pietism.   Because of this perception to life, women in the protestant religion have managed to prove that women and men equally compose the human race. However, it would be misleading to state that women in protestant religion are extremely liberated or equal to men. This is especially so because some Bible analysts believe that the position of women in the bible is inferior to the male position. To the protestant religion, salvation is available for both men and women in equal measures. As such, protestant women were able to resist most of the male efforts that sought to control their sexuality, images of women impurity and freedom to make responsible choices on marriage, divorce and leadership (Sharma 18). However, the rise to taking up more roles for protestant women has been gradual.   Initially, Protestantism started by allowing women to read scriptures in religious meeting or offer testimonies (Gallaher 93). Consequently, the rigid norms that tied women down to domestic roles began to loosen not only in the church but also on the social setting. Conversion Many scholars and societal analysts agree that in households where the women converted   to Protestantism   before other family members, the probability of the rest of the family members converting due to the influence exerted by them by the converted women was high (Bendroth and Lieson 25). While many anti-feminists may undermine the influence that women have on their families, it is obvious that even if women do not convince the husbands or fathers to join their religious affiliations, the children, who are constantly under the care of their mothers, will attend the church with her. In the second Great Awakening, protestant women took motivation from the perfectionist doctrines taught at the time and not only filled the pews, but also led their children and husbands to the altar, which was in-line with the loving familial descriptions propagated through religious teachings(6). Conversion also happens when protestant women intermarry with pagan men (Furseth 2) Church’s Backbone Statistics through out the world reveal that women form the highest percentage of the church going populace (Furseth 1).   While the multiple theories have surfaced in an attempt to explain this precedent, the different social analysts agree that without women, religion would barely succeed as it has today. As such, they not only provide the numbers needed to get the church going, but also the much needed   money in terms of offerings and tithes required to keep the churches running (Leger-Anderson). According to Bendroth Lieson (xiv), women have over the time participated enthusiastically in religious duties, even though they do not often enjoy the access to church leadership as their male counterparts. Often times, women were given duties such   as teaching the Sunday school, leading youth groups and leading prayer meetings.   In some instances, women have had to use their social expertise and knowledge in the religious spheres. For example, a woman medic would offer her s ervices free to the church congregation during medical camps organized by her church. Since protestant women did not give up their roles as mothers, they continued to register high birth rates. Consequently, their role in molding their children in religious ways also assured and continues to assure the church of future church-goers (Furseth 2). Pragmatist The liberation given to women in the protestant religion, although not sufficient to bolster most of the women to the high echelons of power within the religious circles, have inclined most to gather the courage to address the political and social ills within their communities (Bendroth Lieson xiv).   This they did with more courage and boldness than the men in the protestant religion.   In addition, women in the protestant religion have an affinity for avoiding doctrinal controversies. As such, they are able to work a cross racial, ethnic and denominational boundaries as demonstrated by their passionate participation in the protestant religion. History has it that, even in the reforms that led to the protestant church breaking away from   the roman catholic church,   male leaders still perpetuated the patriarchal structures that continued to regard women as emotionally, physically and intellectually inferior to the men (Westerkamp 6). Protestant women, unlike the mainstream feminists did not challenge the male hegemony. Instead, they dedicated their efforts to building separate institutions of power. Such included missionary works and social reform institutions (Bendroth Lieson 2). Under these organizations, the protestant women were able to exercise their public leadership and managerial abilities, all which were different from the feminist approach due to the religious identity attached to it.   Analysts suggest that the protestant women were neither feminists nor fundamentalists (5). Initially, the protestant woman were given roles such as praying for the congregation that made up the church, visiting the sick, or assisting the male bishops on baptism missions. They were even given a deaconess post in some of the religious groups, but were never considered part of the clerics or the laity (Mattison). Through their contributions to the religious groups however, the laity and the clerics were able to continue financial religious activities. Another picture painted regarding the historical protestant woman is that her roles were mainly at the home front, where she could feed the children, mend clothes, tend the flowers, sing psalms and say the bed-time prayers (Pierce et al 24), yet, women are also credited with advising reformers such as Martin Luther King junior and John Calvin and offering them assistance on how deal with challenges from their male colleagues. Protestant women just like their catholic counterparts took an active role in social movements that advocated for positive change among the communist. A prominent Quaker woman Lucretia Mott started Philadelphia Anti-slavery society in 1833. Later, she took up an active role in the suffrage movement and together with Susan Anthony and Elizabeth C. Stanton founded the Suffrage Association (Pierce et al 30). Women as Bishops The ordination of female bishops requires the absolute opposition of sexism in the religious circle (Pierce et al 34).   The first example towards this line of perception was displayed by the Quakers in the early 1800’s, when they first accepted female ministers. This was based on the belief that the spirit of God exists in every human’s soul. As such, the Quakers treated all people within their religious affiliation as equal regardless of gender (Robinson). The Quakers set the pace for other protestant churches who have over the time debated women ordination. While some approve, others do not, often leading to controversies within the religious circles.   Recent positive development along this line includes the 2004 House of Clergy decision, which allowed the Australian Anglican Church to consecrate women clergy. Some set backs notable in the same country however include the 1991 reconsideration of the women ordination clause in the Presbyterian Church of Australia. The church had ordained women priests since 1974 (Robinson) The Anglican Church, which has a 77 million membership through out the world, first consented to women ordination in 1976, two years after 11 women were ordained by dissident bishops from the church. The 1976 decision was however approved by the church’s mainstream bishops in a general convention held in the United States (Flitter) Such one woman who has gone through the whole works, albeit in a more liberated society is Vashti McKenzie. She was not only the first woman pastor in the African Methodist Episcopal church based in Maryland, but was also appointed the first female bishop in the entire history of the church, which spans 213 years (McGill ).   According to McKenzie, women clergy should avoid compromising their femininity for the pulpit. In addition, she says that women should not be intimidated by people who question a woman’s right to hold religious roles. She also advices women to refrain acting like ‘super women’, taking themselves too seriously or oppressing others. In her books strengths in the struggles and Not Without Struggles, McKenzie advices women to be assertive firm an d fair team players, who should not only act to become role models to other women, but   should also act to empower and pass on management techniques and principles to other women (McGill) Conclusion Women in the protestant religions have over the time taken up roles that have earned the women names such as martyrs, mother, mystics, scholars, visionaries, reformers, rebels and missionaries among other names. Despite the mixed recognition they receive, mainly owing to the fact that they are judged on the male standard, they have undoubtedly made contributions that cannot be ignored by the larger society.   This explains why women’s names are appearing in monographs and publicity texts as never before (Pierce et al 23). Their supportive roles behind men who led the protestant reform are embodied by the likes of Katie Von Bora Luther- the Wife of Martin Luther, Argula von Stauffer, who albeit being a catholic, supported Martin Luther in his reformist agendas and Katherine Zell, who challenged the protestant reformers, of which she was accused of trying to usurp the preacher’s office (Pierce et al 34). This is similar to the Roman Catholic’s regard for women, where according to Robert A. Orsi (quoted in LaGumina 681), honors women for their roles in maintaining stable families family. With this kind of respect however, women are held responsible for everything that go wrong in their dominant areas. As such, Orsi claims that women have learned to become serious-minded, practical and have also excelled in assertiveness, which they do in order to protect the interests of not only their children, but also their husbands too ( LaGumina 681). Protestantism no doubt opened a new era for women, where unlike typical Catholicism; women perform roles in both the religious and political fronts

Implications of Managed Care

The Long History of the Rain Gauge

The Long History of the Rain Gauge One source has is that the son of King Sejong the Great, who reigned the Choson Dynasty from 1418 to 145, invented the first rain gauge. King Sejong sought ways to improve agricultural technology to provide his subjects with adequate food and clothing. In improving agricultural technology, Sejong contributed to the sciences of astronomy and meteorology (weather). He invented a calendar for the Korean people and ordered the development of accurate clocks. Droughts plagued the kingdom and King Sejong directed every village to measure the amount of rainfall. His son, the crown prince, later called King Munjong, invented a rain gauge while measuring rainfall at the palace. Munjong decided that instead of digging into the earth to check rain levels, it would be better to use a standardized container. King Sejong sent a rain gauge to every village, and they were used as an official tool to measure the farmers potential harvest. Sejong also used these measurements to determine what the farmers land taxes should be. The rain gauge was invented in the fourth month of 1441. The invention of the rain gauge in Korea came two hundred years before inventor Christopher Wren created a rain gauge (tipping bucket rain gauge circa 1662) in Europe. Rainmakers Born in Fort Scott, Kansas, in 1875, Hatfield claimed to have been a student of meteorology for 7 years, during which time he discovered that by sending a secret combination of chemicals into the air clouds could be produced in large enough quantities that rain was sure to follow. On March 15, 1950, New York City hired Dr. Wallace E Howell as the citys official rainmaker.

Civil Engineering Measurement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Civil Engineering Measurement - Essay Example Such earthworks could be for paved areas, for sub-bases, for contiguous filler materials, for surface water channels and for landscape areas. In case of embankments earthworks will be treated as capping tops only while in case of permanent storage it will exclude top soil. For structures below the level of ground, the permanently exposed face below ground level will be considered only. For the case of a foundation the permanently exposed face above ground level down to capping level will be considered. For treated areas the Series Existing Ground Level will be obtained after treatment. The sub soil level will be defined after the removal of the top soil level as per contract specification. Surcharge has been considered as any material put on embankments for loading them. Moreover it has been assumed that one cubic meter removed material is equal to one cubic meter of compacted fill and there is no space for bulking or shrinkage. Another important thing is that excavated materials fro m Series 100 to 500 and Series 700 to 2500 cannot be evaluated according to these designations. For embankments the first 75 mm are not measured but for landscapes the additional fill, deposition and compaction are not measured. The unit of excavation has been delineated as one cubic meter and the total range of measurements for excavation are carried out for the top soil, cuttings, removal of surcharge, structural foundations, foundations for corrugated steel barriers (above and below ground level), new and enlarged water courses, clearing of abandoned water courses, gabion walling, caps for mines, wells, swallow holes etc. and swamps, marshes bogs. It has also been made clear that separate items should be provided for excavation as per Chapter II paragraphs 3 and 4 as well as designated Groups I to IV. Again all measurements are in meters for these groups. In addition the excavation of hard materials has also been designated and the unit of measurement is Hard Material cubic meter while the methods of measurement remain the same as provided above. Separate items have been provided for extra over excavation for hard excavation as Group I and II. The item coverage for soft and hard materials is markedly different and has been defined accordingly. The types of unacceptable materials have also been defined as those that can be processed using mechanical, chemical, hydraulic or other means and the unit of measurement is the cubic meter but measurement can only ensue when required specifically by the contract. Separate items have been provided as per Group I, II and III. In a similar manner the deposition of fill has been designated too and the unit of measurement is cubic meter and separate items have been provided as Group I, II and III. The disposal of material is similar and the unit of measurement is the cubic meter while separate items have been defined under Group I and II. Imported fill is measured in cubic meters too and separate items are designated as G roup I and II. On the other hand, compacted fill is measured in cubic meters and separate items have been designated in Group I, II and III. Moreover for compaction the kinds of voids and gaps that are to be filled are defined as structures, fill on capping, sub base material, road base, fill on bridges, bedding for buried structures and the like. Separate measurement can o